Coal in India

Coal in India has been mined since 1774, and India is the second largest producer and consumer of coal after China, mining 777.31 million metric tons (856.84 million short tons) in FY 2022. Around 30% of coal is imported. Due to demand, supply mismatch and poor quality with high ash content, India imports coking coal to meet the shortage of domestic supply. Dhanbad, the largest coal producing city, has been called the coal capital of India. State-owned Coal India had a monopoly on coal mining between its nationalisation in 1973 and 2018.^[1]

Most of the coal is burned to generate electricity and most electricity is generated by coal, but coal-fired power plants have been criticised for breaking environmental laws.^[2] The health and environmental impact of the coal industry is serious, and phasing out coal would have short-term health and environmental benefits greatly exceeding the costs.^[3] Electricity from new solar farms in India is cheaper than that generated by the country's existing coal plants.^[4]

^ "Koyala Darpan / Coal Dashboard". Retrieved 17 February 2022.
^ "India's U-Turn on 'Clean' Energy Is a Bad Move". The Wire. Retrieved 16 June 2020.
^ "Coal exit benefits outweigh its costs — PIK Research Portal". www.pik-potsdam.de. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.
^ Runyon, Jennifer (23 June 2021). "Report: New solar is cheaper to build than to run existing coal plants in China, India and most of Europe". Renewable Energy World.

[1] "Koyala Darpan / Coal Dashboard". Retrieved 17 February 2022.

[2] "India's U-Turn on 'Clean' Energy Is a Bad Move". The Wire. Retrieved 16 June 2020.

[3] "Coal exit benefits outweigh its costs — PIK Research Portal". www.pik-potsdam.de. Archived from the original on 24 March 2020. Retrieved 24 March 2020.

[Runyon-4] Runyon, Jennifer (23 June 2021). "Report: New solar is cheaper to build than to run existing coal plants in China, India and most of Europe". Renewable Energy World.

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